Your body is an amazing machine! It has thousands of different parts, all working together to keep you alive. The adult body is made up of:
What is every part of the body made up of?
Cell→T_____→Organ→S_____
Can you tell what types of cells these are?
The human body has four main types of tissue.
Stick the diagram of the human body into your jotter and label each organ
How do we get from this... to this?
-Think, pair, share... (90 seconds)
What happens to your food when you swallow it?
Digestion i the breakdown of large molecules in food into smaller molecules so that they can be absorbed into the blood.
This is important to get the nutrients needed for energy, growth and repair.
Each part has a different job to do:
1. The Mouth
The mouth contains teeth.
These chew the food and break it into smaller pieces.
The tongue pushes food to the back of the mouth so you can swallow it.
2. The Oesophagus
The oesophagus, or food pipe, joins the mouth and the stomach.
Food is squeezed along this tube into the stomach.
3.The Stomach
The stomach is a bag of acid.
The acid in the stomach, and special chemicals called enzymes break down the food even more.
4. The Small Intestine
The small intestine is 6-7 metres long.
In the small intestine, the broken down food gets into the blood so the body can use it.
5. The Large Intestine
The large intestine is about 1.5 metres long.
In the large intestine, the body absorbs a lot of water back from the digested food.
At the end of the digestive system, the left over stuff that the body can't use leaves the body through the anus when you go to the toilet.
Your teacher will show you a demonstration of the digestive system.
Using the words in the word bank provided, describe the story of digestion.
There are six parts to the story. You can demonstrate this in a step by step description or by creating a digestive system storyboard.
What types of food do you think give us the most energy?
Aim
To find out if fats, proteins or carbohydrates produce the most heat energy on burning.
Results
Method
Conclusions
What was your aim?
What do your result tell you (thinking about your aim)?
Why do you think this happened?
Evaluation
How could the experiment be improved? Fairer? More Accurate?
What have you learned so far?
Fill in your pretest booklet.
Find your table from the last lesson.
Using your results and results from 4 other groups, calculate an average for the increase in temperature for Crisp, popcorn and Olive
Hint: For an average, add up all of the numbers in that group and divide by the number you have added.
Use the worksheet to help you to draw a bar graph of the reults that you have collated.
Write an experimental report using your template for the Energy in Food experiment. It should include the following:
1. Can you name the 4 food groups of the human diet?
2. Can you think of which foods might be found in each group?
We are going to carry out experiments to test for carbohydrates (starch and sugar), protein and fats.
Make sure that you have collected the handout below.
Now see if you can use these tests you have just used to identify the food chemicals found in different foods.
For each food, decide on the chemicals found in them.
1. A balanced diet...
2. A balanced diet for most people has more...
3. To test for protein in food you...
4. Sugar and starch are both...
5. Iodine solutions turns blue-black withs...
6. A food went orangey-red when it was boiled with Benedicts solution. It could be...
Our bodies needs food to make us work just like a car needs petrol.
We can't make food (like plants) so we need to eat!
What do we need food for?
Think, pair, share
World Health Organisation- 5 points for healthy people:
Complete a food questionnaire to see how balanced your diet it.
Copy and complete the table below using the Food group information cards that you have been provided with.
| Food Group | What is it used for? | Example of this food |
| Carbohydrate | ||
| Fat | ||
| Protein | ||
| Vitamins and minerals | ||
| Fibre |
A person usually breathes an average of 13 pints of air every minute.
Adults typically takes around 20,000 breaths a day with 15 to 20 breaths a minute - Newborn babies take 40 breathes a minute.
Lungs aren't the same size. To accommodate the heart, the right lung is larger than the left lung - for humans, that is.
Lungs and tennis courts can be the same size. (surface area)
Children and women breathe faster than men.
Oxygen only plays a small part in breathing. The air we breathe contains 21% oxygen, but our bodies only use 5% - the rest is exhaled.
A few examples of lung disease are asthma, bronchitis, emphysema, lung cancer and pneumonia.
Collect a copy of the lungs cut out from your teacher. Complete it then stick it in your jotter.
The alveoli are bunches of tiny air sacks inside the lungs.
Gas exchange occurs at the alveoli.
When you breathe in, they fill with air.
Your lungs can be very badly affected by smoking.
There are:
Coughs, colds, wheezing and asthma are just the start.
Smoking can cause fatal diseases such as pneumonia, emphysema and lung cancer. Smoking causes 84% of deaths from lung cancer.
Choose any 9 words for your bingo grid
The maximum volume of air that we breath out after taking a deep breath in.
In other words it is the amount of air you can fit in your lungs in one breath.
Doctors measure lung capacity to measure how healthy your lungs are.
In the classroom there are two ways that we can look at lung capacity:
COPY DOWN THIS TABLE INTO YOUR JOTTER
| Reading | Balloon diameter (cm) |
|---|---|
| 1 | |
| 2 | |
| 3 | |
| Average |
INSTRUCTIONS
Results
Use your average result and the graph below to work out your lung capacity.
Another method that can be used is using the sweetie jar.
It works on the principle of displacement.
Where is the heart found in the human body?
Your heart is a muscle about the size of your fist.
It is constantly beating, on average about 1 beat every second.
Open and close your fist, once every second. Do you get tired quickly? Does your heart get tired?
Use the stethoscopes to measure your heart rate. See if you can hear your or your partners heart beat!
The heart is a muscular organ that is divided into 4 chambers:- 2 atrium and 2 ventricles.
It is known as a double pump!
The left ventricle wall is very thick because it has to pump blood all round the body.
The right ventricle wall is less thick since it just pumps blood to the lungs.
Stick the heart diagram into your jotter and label the right and left side of the heart (be careful to get this right).
Spot the differences between the healthy and damaged hearts.
What causes a damaged heart?
Exercise is a good way to stay healthy - without it the body becomes more prone to injury, illness and disease.
Complete the mind map by considering which exercises would be good for heart health.
Guidelines for 5 to 18 year-olds
To maintain a basic level of health, children and young people aged 5 to 18 need to do:
Many vigorous activities can help you build strong muscles and bones, including anything involving running and jumping, such as gymnastics, martial arts and football.
Children and young people should reduce the time they spend sitting watching TV, playing computer games and travelling by car when they could walk or cycle instead.
You will need:
Complete the following table by carrying out the following activities recording your heart rate after each.
| Activity | Beats per 15 seconds | Beats Per Minute (BPM) |
|---|---|---|
| Sitting down | ||
| Standing up | ||
| Walking (30s) | ||
| Stand Up / Sit down (30s) | ||
| Dancing | ||
| Running / Stairs |
What type of activity increased your heart rate the most?
Read the through information sheet "How does exercise affect your heart?"
Answer questions that you will find over the page.