Picture of Grant McCondichie

Mr McCondichie

Electricity

Lesson 1 - Static Electricity

Learning Intentions

History of Electricity

It is thought that the Greeks were the first to investigate electricity. The philosopher Thales of Miletus noted around 600 BC that pieces of amber could attract light objects after being rubbed. The word electricity itself comes from elektron, the Greek word for amber.

Watch the video below on static electricity.

Activity - Static Electricity

Activity 1: Rod and Water

Collect:

Rub one end of the rod with the duster and hold it close to a thin stream of water.

Don't get the rod or duster wet!

Activity 2: Rod and Paper

Rub one end of the rod with the duster and hold it close to small bits of cut up paper.

Activity 3: Rods and Watch Glass

Take a rod and charge it well by rubbing with a cloth. Place it carefully on top of a watch glass being careful not to touch the table.

Charge a second rod and hold it near but not touching the end of the first rod.

Activity 4: Balloon and Aluminium Can

Charge up a balloon by rubbing it. Hold it near but not touching the aluminium can.

Activity 5: Suspended Rods

Collect two polythene rods (white) and two acetate rods (clear).

Pick two rods and rub both ends.

Suspend one by a thread (or use a watch glass), and bring the other close to it.

Try different combinations of rods.

Notes - Electrical Charges

Electric charges come is two types: n______ and p_______.

Charges of the same type will r____ each other.

Charges of different type will a______ each other.

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Lesson 2 - Moving Charge

Learning Intentions

Activity - Van de Graaff Generator

Watch the video below on the Van de Graaff generator.

  1. Why did Bill's hair stand up?
  2. How do you know electricity can travel through people?
  3. Why do you think Bill's hair stood on end?

Notes - The Van de Graaff Generator

When electric current moves, we call it a c______.

Charge moves easily in materials made from m____.

We call these materials c_________.

Charge cannot move in materials like p______ and g____.

We call these materials i_________.

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Lesson 3 - Circuit Symbols and Diagrams

Learning Intentions

Notes - Circuit Symbols

Copy and label the following symbols below.

Activity - Making a Circuit

The video below shows you haw to make a simple circuit using the PhET circuit construction kit.

Use the circuit simulation kit to make a simple circuit.

Notes - Rules for Drawing Circuits

  1. Always use a ruler.
  2. Make wires straight with right angles.
  3. Make sure wires touch components.
  4. Never put components at corners.

Activity - Drawing a Circuit

Draw circuit diagrams for the three circuits below. Remember to use the rules for drawing circuits.

Circuit 1

Circuit 2

Circuit 3

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Lesson 4

Learning Intentions

  1. Say what a series circuit is.
  2. Describe the effects of adding more lamps in series.
  3. Explain what happens when one lamp is unscrewed or stops working in a series circuit.

Activity - Building a Series Circuit

Equipment

Collect the equipment below:

Instructions

Notes - Series Circuits

Copy the diagram below into your jotter and label the components. Remember the circuit diagram rules.

Answer the questions below in sentences.

1. What is a series circuit?

2. What happens to the other lamps if one lamp is unscrewed or stops working?

3. In a series circuit, what happens to the brightness of the lamps as more lamps are added?

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Lesson 5 - Parallel Circuits

Learning Intentions

  1. Say what a parallel circuit is.
  2. Describe the effects of adding more lamps in parallel.
  3. Explain what happens when one lamp is unscrewed or stops working in a parallel circuit.

Activity - Building a Parallel Circuit

Equipment

Collect the equipment below:

  1. One Cell
  2. Two Lamps
  3. A Switch
  4. Five Connecting Wires

Instructions

Notes - Parallel Circuits

Draw a circuit diagram of this circuit. Remember Circuit Diagram Rules!

Answer the questions below in sentences.

1. What is a parallel circuit?

2. When you unscrew one bulb, what happens to the other?

3. The same didn't happen with a series circuit. Why does this happen with a parallel circuit?

Extension

  1. Collect another lamp, two wires, and add a third loop.
  2. What do you notice the brightness of the lamps now?
  3. Use the switch in the circuit so that two lamps can be switched on and off.
  4. Try drawing the circuit diagram now.
  5. Can you make just one lamp switch on and off?

Lesson 11 - Electronics: Input, Process and Output

Learning Intentions

Notes - Electronic Systems

Every electronic system has three main sections.

These are called the input, the process and the output

This is the block diagram for a calculator.

Activity 1: Microphone

Watch the video below. Use it to help you answer the questions:

1. What energy change takes place in a microphone?

2. Is the microphone an input or an output device?

Activity 2: Thermistor

Watch the video below. Use it to answer the questions:

1. What happens to the resistance as the temperature of a thermistor goes up?

2. Is the thermistor an input or an output device?

Activity 3: Light Dependent Resistor

Watch the video below. Use it to answer the questions:

1. What happens to the resistance as the light level on an LDR goes up?

2. Is the LDR an input or and output device?

Activity 4: The Switch

Watch the video below. Use it to answer the questions:

1. What happens to the resistance of the switch when it is closed?

2. What effect does the switch have on the current in a circuit?

3. Is the switch an input or an output device?

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Lesson 12 - Electronics: Output Devices

Learning Intentions

Notes - Output Devices

All output devices change electrical energy to another kind of energy.

E.g. A lamp:

Changes electrical energy to light and heat energy

Activity 5: The Loudspeaker

Watch the video below. Answer the following questions:

1. What is the energy change in the loudspeaker?

2. Is the loudspeaker an input or an output device?

Activity 6: The Buzzer

Watch the video below. Answer the following questions:

1. What is the energy change in the buzzer?

2. Is the buzzer an input or an output device?

Activity 7: The Lamp

Watch the video below. Answer the following questions:

1. What is the energy change in the lamp?

2. Is the lamp an input or an output device?

Activity 8: The Light Emitting Diode (LED)

Watch the video below. Answer the following questions:

1. What is the energy change in the LED?

2. Is the LED an input or an output device?

Activity 9: The Motor

Watch the video below. Answer the following questions:

1. What is the energy change in the motor?

Is the motor an input or an output device?

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Lesson 13 - Logic Gates (process)

Learning Intentions

Notes - Logic Gates

Logic gates are used to combine or change electronic signals.

There are three basic types of logic gate called:

Components can be on or off:

off - logic 0

on - logic 1

Activity 11: The NOT gate

Use the video below to fill in the truth table for the NOT gate.

Activity 12: The AND gate

Use the video below to fill in the truth table for the AND gate.

Activity 13: The OR gate

Use the video below to fill in the truth table for the OR gate

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